Nanobubble-enhanced antimicrobial agents: a promising approach for pulp regeneration (2023)

Plasma Activated Microbubble Water (PMBW) is an environmentally friendly disinfectant with strong antimicrobial activity and the ability to create significant shear stress on food contact surfaces. In this study, inoculated PVC pipes were cleaned with PMBW, plasma activated water (PAW), microbubble water (MBW) and chlorine water (100 mg/L).Klebsiella michiganiCOMSOL Multiphysics® numerically simulates the flow of a disinfectant solution with microbubbles and calculates the shear stress applied to the bacteria. The presence of microbubbles in the flow increases the shear stress applied to the bacteria. amountK. michiganensis~7.4 log CFU/cm on the inner surface of the tube²before washing. PMBW showed the strongest antimicrobial effect, reducing the number of bacteria by 3.1 log CFU/cm²At a flow speed of 1 m/s. PAW, MBW and chlorinated water reduced similar numbers of bacteria (2.4 log CFU/cm²do 2,6 log CFU/cm²) at all selected flow rates. Deionized water only reducesK. michiganensis0,7 log CFU/cm²At a flow speed of 1 m/s.

PMBW can be an environmentally friendly disinfectant that food processors can use to clean food processing equipment while minimizing the use of chemical disinfectants. The technology developed in this research will benefit the food industry by mitigating the potential risk of foodborne pathogens without creating environmental hazards.

Excerpt from the quote:

Another field of application of biomedical NB is dermatology. Nanobubbles have been reported to have anti-inflammatory (Yoshida et al., October 2020), antibacterial (Shawli et al., 2020), bactericidal (Horiuchi, 2021) and healing (Gupta and Shende, 2022) properties, so their application seems promising for various skin diseases. An interesting study by Horiuchi (Horiuchi, November 2020) showed the use of Ozone NB in ​​the treatment of palmoplantar impetigo as an oral rinse in the periodontal area.

Excerpt from the quote:

Therefore, frequent use of CEBs or immersion of membranes in chemical reagents should be avoided as this requires long downtimes and affects the efficiency of the process. In recent years, fine bubbles (FB) have attracted attention for their potential applications in water treatment as detergent-free cleaning agents, stabilizers, organism growth promoters, intracellular drug delivery, bactericidal and antimicrobial agents (Wang et al., 2021a; Yasuda and Haneda, 2015), food processing (Phan et al., 2020), agriculture (Ebina et al., 2013; Tamaki et al., 2018), fisheries (Ebina et al., 2013; Linh et al. Ljudi, 2021)) and medical industry (Cai et al., 2015; Seki et al., 2017; Shawli et al., 2020). This study focuses on the use of FB to facilitate membrane cleaning in the petroleum industry.

Excerpt from the quote:

Thus, supersaturation of the dissolved gas in the mixture leads to the formation of gas bubbles and the possible nucleation of a large number of nanobubbles [1]. Various methods have also been applied to generate large numbers of nanobubbles using the supersaturation method, including water electrolysis [13], temperature increase [14], sonication [15], pressure-induced supersaturation [16], and mechanical stirring [17]. ]. The relationship between nanoparticles and nanobubbles is particularly interesting because it is relevant to many possible applications where both nanoparticles and nanoparticles exist.

Medicines are recommended for root canal infection. In this study, calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)₂] using engineered 3 biofilm root canal models.

Thirty-eight human single-rooted teeth were decorated and chemomechanically prepared before inoculationEnterococcus faecalis,Actinomyces viscosus, iStreptococcus mutansUse a flow cell model for 4 weeks to form a biofilm. The samples were randomly divided into 3 groups: NaDCC (n= 12), Ca(OH)₂(n= 12) and positive controls (no drug,n= 14).Use the Lentulo screw to place the medicine. After 7 days of contact, the roots were crushed and planted on a selective substrate. Confirm bacterial identity using a selective medium. Calculate the colony-forming units (CFU/ml). Descriptive statistics (mean value and standard deviation) were calculated.

7-day dressing with NaDCC or Ca(OH)₂no growth. For the positive control, the mean colony-forming units were 2.97E4 ± 3.42E4 (CFU/ml). All previously inoculated strains were recovered in the control group.

NaDCC i Ca(OH)₂Capable of eradicating engineered 3 biofilms in single-rooted teeth when used as an endodontic agentliveModel. NaDCC deserves further study as an endodontic agent.

Preoperative use of NSAIDs has been proposed as a way to increase the effectiveness of local anesthetics and reduce postoperative pain in cases of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. However, the role of ibuprofen at the molecular level remains unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators in the dental pulp of patients who received ibuprofen preoperatively with those who did not.

Thirty-four patients with irreversible pulpitis receiving conventional endodontic treatment were randomly assigned to ibuprofen or non-ibuprofen groups. Four patients who underwent endodontic treatment for restorative reasons served as controls. Patients in the ibuprofen group were asked to take 600 mg of ibuprofen 1 hour before treatment, while patients in the non-ibuprofen and control groups were asked to refrain from using analgesics before treatment. Levels of prostaglandin E2, tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β and interferon γ were measured in blood samples obtained from dental pulp using a highly sensitive enzyme immunoassay. The postoperative pain level of each group was recorded. Data on cytokine levels and postoperative pain were analyzed using statistical analysis.

Levels of prostaglandin E2, tumor necrosis factor α, IL-6 and interferon γ were significantly lower in the ibuprofen group compared to the non-ibuprofen group. Postoperative pain levels were not significantly different between these groups.

The data showed that preoperative ibuprofen significantly reduced the levels of most pro-inflammatory cytokines in the dental pulp, which may facilitate anesthesia in irreversible cases.

The aim of this study was to compare the assessment of dentin and root canal volumes using the Reciproc system (VDW GmbH, Munich, Germany) and the XP-endo Shaper (FKG, La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland) using micro-computed tomography images Changes in , percent intact wall, the volume of accumulated hard tissue remains and deviation of the root canal in the apical third.

Twenty-four mandibular molars with 2 mesial canals and one foramen were anatomically matched and divided into 2 experimental groups (n= 12) Depending on the system used. The samples were scanned before and after preparation with a microtomography scanner SkyScan 1176 (Bruker-microCT, Kontich, Belgium) at a resolution of 17.42 μm. Statistically compare the obtained data using Student at the 5% significance level.Itstest i Mann-Whitneyev test.

Significant differences were observed in intact surface area of ​​the entire root canal, cervical spine, and middle third, with the XP-endo Shaper group having the lowest intact surface area (P< 0.05). The volume of accumulated hard tissue remains in the group receiving Reciproc was significantly higher in the entire root canal and in the middle and apical third. There were no significant differences between the groups regarding the volume of dentin removed or the increase in root canal volume and surface area (P> 0,05).

Compared to the Reciproc group, the XP-endo Shaper contacted more walls and left less hard tissue remnants in the root canal system. Although the XP-endo Shaper showed superior results, no system could fully prepare the root canal.